heteroskedasticity
A condition where a stochastic process has non-constant second
moments.
option
pricing theory The body of financial theory used by financial engineers to
value options and other derivative instruments.
portfolio theory A body of theory relating to how investors optimize
portfolio selections.
standard
deviation A parameter describing the dispersion of a probability
distribution.
time
series and stochastic processes An introductory article.
value-at-risk
A category of market risk measures.
volatility
skew A dependence of implied volatilities upon options' strikes
http://insight.chicagoconsultingactuaries.com/Insight/Documents/DemystifyingVolatility.aspx